Journal article
Exercise training increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial volume density by enlargement of existing mitochondria and not de novo biogenesis.
- Meinild Lundby AK Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Jacobs RA Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Gehrig S Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- de Leur J Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Hauser M Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Bonne TC Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Flück D Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Dandanell S Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Kirk N Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Kaech A Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Ziegler U Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Larsen S Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Lundby C Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- 2017-06-06
Published in:
- Acta physiologica (Oxford, England). - 2018
adaptations
mitochondria
muscle
training
volume density
Adult
Citrate (si)-Synthase
Endurance Training
Humans
Male
Mitochondria, Muscle
Muscle, Skeletal
Organelle Biogenesis
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Young Adult
English
AIMS
(i) To determine whether exercise-induced increases in muscle mitochondrial volume density (MitoVD ) are related to enlargement of existing mitochondria or de novo biogenesis and (ii) to establish whether measures of mitochondrial-specific enzymatic activities are valid biomarkers for exercise-induced increases in MitoVD .
METHOD
Skeletal muscle samples were collected from 21 healthy males prior to and following 6 weeks of endurance training. Transmission electron microscopy was used for the estimation of mitochondrial densities and profiles. Biochemical assays, western blotting and high-resolution respirometry were applied to detect changes in specific mitochondrial functions.
RESULT
MitoVD increased with 55 ± 9% (P < 0.001), whereas the number of mitochondrial profiles per area of skeletal muscle remained unchanged following training. Citrate synthase activity (CS) increased (44 ± 12%, P < 0.001); however, there were no functional changes in oxidative phosphorylation capacity (OXPHOS, CI+IIP ) or cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity. Correlations were found between MitoVD and CS (P = 0.01; r = 0.58), OXPHOS, CI+CIIP (P = 0.01; R = 0.58) and COX (P = 0.02; R = 0.52) before training; after training, a correlation was found between MitoVD and CS activity only (P = 0.04; R = 0.49). Intrinsic respiratory capacities decreased (P < 0.05) with training when respiration was normalized to MitoVD. This was not the case when normalized to CS activity although the percentage change was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: MitoVD was increased by inducing mitochondrial enlargement rather than de novo biogenesis. CS activity may be appropriate to track training-induced changes in MitoVD.
(i) To determine whether exercise-induced increases in muscle mitochondrial volume density (MitoVD ) are related to enlargement of existing mitochondria or de novo biogenesis and (ii) to establish whether measures of mitochondrial-specific enzymatic activities are valid biomarkers for exercise-induced increases in MitoVD .
METHOD
Skeletal muscle samples were collected from 21 healthy males prior to and following 6 weeks of endurance training. Transmission electron microscopy was used for the estimation of mitochondrial densities and profiles. Biochemical assays, western blotting and high-resolution respirometry were applied to detect changes in specific mitochondrial functions.
RESULT
MitoVD increased with 55 ± 9% (P < 0.001), whereas the number of mitochondrial profiles per area of skeletal muscle remained unchanged following training. Citrate synthase activity (CS) increased (44 ± 12%, P < 0.001); however, there were no functional changes in oxidative phosphorylation capacity (OXPHOS, CI+IIP ) or cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity. Correlations were found between MitoVD and CS (P = 0.01; r = 0.58), OXPHOS, CI+CIIP (P = 0.01; R = 0.58) and COX (P = 0.02; R = 0.52) before training; after training, a correlation was found between MitoVD and CS activity only (P = 0.04; R = 0.49). Intrinsic respiratory capacities decreased (P < 0.05) with training when respiration was normalized to MitoVD. This was not the case when normalized to CS activity although the percentage change was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: MitoVD was increased by inducing mitochondrial enlargement rather than de novo biogenesis. CS activity may be appropriate to track training-induced changes in MitoVD.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- closed
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1111/apha.12905
- PMID 28580772
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.rero.ch/global/documents/74265
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