Effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma agonist pioglitazone on renal and hormonal responses to salt in diabetic and hypertensive individuals.
- Zanchi A Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. azanchidel@hotmail.com
- Maillard M
- Jornayvaz FR
- Vinciguerra M
- Deleaval P
- Nussberger J
- Burnier M
- Pechere-Bertschi A
- 2010-04-24
Published in:
- Diabetologia. - 2010
Analysis of Variance
Blood Pressure
Body Weight
Cross-Over Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Hypertension
Hypoglycemic Agents
Insulin Resistance
Male
Metformin
Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
Pioglitazone
Sodium, Dietary
Thiazolidinediones
English
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS
Glitazones are powerful insulin sensitisers prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Their use is, however, associated with fluid retention and an increased risk of congestive heart failure. We previously demonstrated that pioglitazone increases proximal sodium reabsorption in healthy volunteers. This study examines the effects of pioglitazone on renal sodium handling in individuals prone to insulin resistance, i.e. those with diabetes and/or hypertension.
METHODS
In this double-blind randomised placebo-controlled four-way crossover study, we examined the effects of pioglitazone (45 mg daily during 6 weeks) or placebo on renal, systemic and hormonal responses to changes in sodium intake in 16 individuals, eight with type 2 diabetes and eight with hypertension.
RESULTS
Pioglitazone was associated with a rapid increase in body weight and an increase in diurnal proximal sodium reabsorption, without any change in renal haemodynamics or in the modulation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system to changes in salt intake. A compensatory increase in brain natriuretic peptide levels was observed. In spite of sodium retention, pioglitazone dissociated the blood-pressure response to salt and abolished salt sensitivity in salt-sensitive individuals.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION
Pioglitazone increases diurnal proximal sodium retention in diabetic and hypertensive individuals. These effects cause fluid retention and may contribute to the increased incidence of congestive heart failure with glitazones.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrial.gov NCT01090752
FUNDING
Hypertension Research Foundation Lausanne.
Glitazones are powerful insulin sensitisers prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Their use is, however, associated with fluid retention and an increased risk of congestive heart failure. We previously demonstrated that pioglitazone increases proximal sodium reabsorption in healthy volunteers. This study examines the effects of pioglitazone on renal sodium handling in individuals prone to insulin resistance, i.e. those with diabetes and/or hypertension.
METHODS
In this double-blind randomised placebo-controlled four-way crossover study, we examined the effects of pioglitazone (45 mg daily during 6 weeks) or placebo on renal, systemic and hormonal responses to changes in sodium intake in 16 individuals, eight with type 2 diabetes and eight with hypertension.
RESULTS
Pioglitazone was associated with a rapid increase in body weight and an increase in diurnal proximal sodium reabsorption, without any change in renal haemodynamics or in the modulation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system to changes in salt intake. A compensatory increase in brain natriuretic peptide levels was observed. In spite of sodium retention, pioglitazone dissociated the blood-pressure response to salt and abolished salt sensitivity in salt-sensitive individuals.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION
Pioglitazone increases diurnal proximal sodium retention in diabetic and hypertensive individuals. These effects cause fluid retention and may contribute to the increased incidence of congestive heart failure with glitazones.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrial.gov NCT01090752
FUNDING
Hypertension Research Foundation Lausanne.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- bronze
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1007/s00125-010-1756-2
- PMID 20414637
- Persistent URL
- https://sonar.rero.ch/global/documents/266061
Statistics
Document views: 14
File downloads:
- fulltext.pdf: 0