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A Comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Traumatized Refugees.

  • Schnyder U Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Müller J Psychiatric Hospital, Münsterlingen, Switzerland.
  • Morina N Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Schick M Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Bryant RA School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Nickerson A School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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  • 2015-07-22
Published in:
  • Journal of traumatic stress. - 2015
Adult
Affect
Arousal
Cognition
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Predictive Value of Tests
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Refugees
Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
Surveys and Questionnaires
Torture
Warfare
English The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence rate and factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) based on the diagnostic criteria of the fourth and fifth editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, , ) in traumatized refugees. There were 134 adult treatment-seeking, severely and multiply traumatized patients from various refugee backgrounds were assessed in their mother tongue using a computerized set of questionnaires consisting of a trauma list, the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale, and the new PTSD items that had been suggested by the DSM-5 Task Force of the American Psychiatric Association. Using DSM-IV, 60.4% of participants met diagnostic criteria for PTSD; using DSM-5, only 49.3% fulfilled all criteria (p < .001). Confirmatory factor analysis of DSM-IV and DSM-5 items showed good and comparable model fits. Furthermore, classification functions in the DSM-5 were satisfactory. The new Cluster D symptoms showed relatively high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive power, and negative predictive power. The DSM-5 symptom structure appears to be applicable to traumatized refugees. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood may be especially useful for clinicians, not only to determine the extent to which an individual refugee is likely to meet criteria for PTSD, but also in providing targets for clinical intervention.
Language
  • English
Open access status
green
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https://sonar.rero.ch/global/documents/179006
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